Which of the following describes the value assigned based on creditworthiness that typically affects loan approval?

The value assigned based on creditworthiness that typically affects loan approval is the credit score. A credit score is a numerical representation of an individual's creditworthiness, reflecting their credit history and ability to manage credit. Lenders use credit scores to determine the risk associated with lending to a particular borrower. A higher credit score generally indicates a lower risk, which positively impacts the likelihood of loan approval and may result in more favorable loan terms, such as lower interest rates.

In contrast, while the debt-to-income ratio assesses a borrower's ability to manage monthly payments relative to their income, it is more about overall financial stability than creditworthiness. Asset value refers to the worth of a borrower's assets, which can be a factor in the overall assessment of an application but does not directly measure creditworthiness. Similarly, the loan-to-value ratio is a financial term used to express the ratio of a loan to the value of an asset purchased, relevant for assessing risk in secured loans but not specifically a measure of an individual's credit history or score. Thus, the credit score is the key measure focused specifically on a borrower's creditworthiness when it comes to loan approval.